A carotid artery duplex scan is an imaging test to look at how blood flows through the carotid arteries in your neck.
A cerebral arteriogram is a catheter-based exam of the blood vessels in the brain, head, and neck.
Cervical disk replacement surgery involves removing a diseased cervical disk and replacing it with an artificial disk.
A computed tomography (CT) scan is an imaging test that uses X-rays and a computer to make detailed images of the body. A CT scan shows details of the bones, muscles, fat, and organs.
Computed tomography is an imaging test that uses X-rays and a computer to make detailed images of the body. A CT scan shows details of the bones, muscles, fat, and organs. CT scans are more detailed than standard X-rays.
A craniotomy is the surgical removal of part of the bone from the skull to expose the brain for surgery. Read on to learn what to expect before, during, and after this procedure.
Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a type of therapy that uses electrical stimulation to treat neurological conditions, such as Parkinson disease (PD), tremors, and dystonia. It can ease symptoms and decrease the amount of medicines you need, and improve your quality of life.
An EEG is a procedure that detects abnormalities in your brain waves, or in the electrical activity of your brain.
Electromyography measures your muscle response or electrical activity in response to a nerve's stimulation of your muscle. The test is used to help detect neuromuscular abnormalities.
Electronystagmography (ENG) is a test used to evaluate vertigo and certain other hearing and vision disorders. For this test, electrodes are placed above and below the eye. They record the electrical activity of the muscles that control eye movement.
Endoscopic endonasal surgery is a minimally invasive technique that allows a surgeon to go through the nose to operate on areas at the front of the brain and the top of the spine.
Endovascular coiling is used to block blood flow to an aneurysm.
Endovascular neurosurgery is a subspecialty of neurosurgery. It uses catheters and radiology to diagnose and treat various conditions and diseases of the central nervous system.
Evoked potentials studies measure electrical activity in the brain in response to stimulation of sight, sound, or touch.
Gamma Knife uses very precise beams of gamma rays to treat an area of disease (lesion) or growth (tumor). It’s most often used in the brain.
Wounds need oxygen to heal correctly, and exposing a wound to 100% oxygen can, in many cases, speed the healing process.
A lumbar disk replacement involves replacing a worn or degenerated disk in the lower part of the spine with an artificial replacement made of metal or a combination of metal and plastic.
A lumbar puncture (LP) or spinal tap may be done to diagnose or treat a condition.
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) uses a large magnet, radiofrequencies, and a computer to make detailed images of organs and structures within the body, in this case, the brain and spine. MRI is used to help diagnose a health problem.
A myelogram is a diagnostic imaging test generally done by a radiologist. It uses a contrast dye and X-rays or computed tomography to look for problems in the spinal canal. Problems can develop in the spinal cord, nerve roots, and other tissues. This test is also called myelography.
A nerve conduction velocity test measures how fast electrical impulses move through your nerves. The test is used to identify nerve damage.
A positron emission tomography (PET) scan is a type of nuclear medicine imaging test. It is used to examine various body tissues to identify certain conditions by looking at blood flow, metabolism, and oxygen use. PET scans may also be used to see how well the treatment of certain diseases is working.
Learn about skull base surgery, including why and how it's done, and what to expect afterward.
During a sympathectomy, a surgeon cuts or clamps a deep nerve that runs up and down along the spine. This prevents nerve signals from passing through it. It is used to treat heavy sweating and certain other conditions.
This procedure may be used to diagnose back or neck pain, fractures or broken bones, arthritis, degeneration of the disks, tumors, or other problems.
X-rays use invisible electromagnetic energy beams to make images of internal tissues, bones, and organs on film. Standard X-rays are done for many reasons, including diagnosing tumors or bone injuries.
Some medical problems can make it hard for you to breathe. In these cases, you might benefit from bilevel positive airway pressure. It is commonly known as BiPap or BPap. It is a type of ventilator - a device that helps with breathing.
A brain perfusion scan is a type of brain test that shows the amount of blood taken up in certain areas of your brain. This can provide information on how your brain is functioning. There are several different types of brain perfusion scans.
Burr holes are small holes that a neurosurgeon makes in the skull to help relieve pressure on the brain when fluid, such as blood, builds up and starts to compress brain tissue.
A foraminotomy is a surgical procedure. It enlarges the area around one of the compressed nerves in your spinal column. Here's what you need to know about the procedure.
A thoracic epidural injection is a shot that temporarily helps ease pain in your thoracic region. That's the upper to middle part of your back. Medicine is injected into an area around your spinal cord. This area is known as the epidural space.
A vagus nerve stimulator (VNS) is a device that can help prevent seizures.